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class="post-meta-date-created" datetime="2021-04-09T16:00:00.000Z" title="发表于 2021-04-10 00:00:00">2021-04-10</time><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-history fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">更新于</span><time class="post-meta-date-updated" datetime="2021-04-19T09:47:27.883Z" title="更新于 2021-04-19 17:47:27">2021-04-19</time></span><span class="post-meta-categories"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-inbox fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><a class="post-meta-categories" href="/categories/Web%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF/">Web前端</a><i class="fas fa-angle-right post-meta-separator"></i><i class="fas fa-inbox fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><a class="post-meta-categories" href="/categories/Web%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF/ECMAScript-6/">ECMAScript 6</a></span></div><div class="meta-secondline"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-wordcount"><i class="far fa-file-word fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">字数总计:</span><span class="word-count">1.4k</span><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="far fa-clock fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">阅读时长:</span><span>6分钟</span></span><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-pv-cv" id="" data-flag-title="ECMAScript 6🌞ES6基础语法"><i class="far fa-eye fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">阅读量:</span><span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"></span></span></div></div></div><article class="post-content" id="article-container"><h1 id="ECMAScript-6"><a href="#ECMAScript-6" class="headerlink" title="ECMAScript 6"></a>ECMAScript 6</h1><ul>
<li>ECMAScript 6.0（以下简称 ES6）是 JavaScript 语言的下一代标准，已经在 2015 年 6 月正式发布了。它的目标，是使得 JavaScript 语言可以用来编写复杂的大型应用程序，成为企业级开发语言</li>
<li>参考阮一峰《ECMAScript 6入门》：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://es6.ruanyifeng.com/">https://es6.ruanyifeng.com/</a></li>
<li>ECMAScript的快速发展</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaoliblog/image@44a889db027fa4134c99e8cbad75cff772e03b0f/2021/04/18/b4f352719961026633968827bdd358db.png"></p>
<h2 id="let和const命令"><a href="#let和const命令" class="headerlink" title="let和const命令"></a>let和const命令</h2><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//传统的定义变量和常量的方式 都使用var</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> name1 = <span class="string">&quot;es6&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> PI1 = <span class="built_in">Math</span>.PI;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//ES6定义方式</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> name2 = <span class="string">&quot;es6&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//定义常量</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> PI2 = <span class="built_in">Math</span>.PI;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ul>
<li><code>let</code>和<code>const</code>的使用可以为我们解决两大问题<ol>
<li>var变量穿透（<code>let</code>)</li>
<li>常量修改（<code>const</code>)</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">for</span>(<span class="params"><span class="keyword">var</span> i =<span class="number">0</span>;i&lt;<span class="number">5</span>;i++</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(i);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//这里就会造成变量穿透</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(i);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ul>
<li>如下运行结果，5的出现不符合规范</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaoliblog/image@5849ddcdf3d3b1b7956432e4421823ea30322887/2021/04/18/eddc21ca469a65b21088d0fd00cf69e3.png"></p>
<ul>
<li>如果<code>var</code>改为<code>let</code>，就会报错，提醒我们出现变量穿透</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaoliblog/image@c91b9756acdc71ff67546168d6caeaa4bcb85675/2021/04/18/20689dd2e32b2caf9d9cb6b96dda9939.png"></p>
<ul>
<li>如下使用<code>var</code>定义常量，常量可以被修改</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> PI = <span class="built_in">Math</span>.PI;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(PI);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//常量被修改</span></span><br><span class="line">PI = <span class="number">100</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(PI);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaoliblog/image@333aeb075cb92eb65f5e65b607c25d55dcc27146/2021/04/18/84f7d2ed1db2392dacb83b61ca668378.png"></p>
<ul>
<li>修改为<code>const</code>定义，修改就会报错</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaoliblog/image@280f68b2e52b960fb09fed739d51dd9baebb9168/2021/04/18/ab1d3308b1084fd32c78e7bfa4dc3805.png"></p>
<div class="note success simple"><p>在实际开发中，如果是小程序，uniapp或者一些脚手架中，可以大胆的去使用<code>let</code>和<code>const</code><br>但是如果是web开发，建议函数使用var，因为一些低版本浏览器并不支持<code>let</code>和<code>const</code></p>
</div>

<h2 id="模板字符串"><a href="#模板字符串" class="headerlink" title="模板字符串"></a>模板字符串</h2><ul>
<li>以前：都是使用单引号<code>&#39;</code>或者双引号<code>&quot; &quot;</code>来进行字符串拼接</li>
<li>现在：使用``反引号进行字符串拼接，通过${value}区别值</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//字符串会牵涉到动态部分</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> person = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   name : <span class="string">&quot;小李&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">   address : <span class="string">&quot;长沙&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">   link : <span class="string">&quot;https://xiaoliblog.cn&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> address = <span class="string">&quot;我是&quot;</span>  + person.name + <span class="string">&quot;,现居&quot;</span> + person.address + <span class="string">&quot;,我的博客网站:&quot;</span> + person.link;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">&quot;传统&quot;</span>+address);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//ES6的语法模板字符串</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> address1 = <span class="string">`我是<span class="subst">$&#123;person.name&#125;</span>,现居<span class="subst">$&#123;person.address&#125;</span>,我的博客网站:<span class="subst">$&#123;person.link&#125;</span>`</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">&quot;ES6&quot;</span>+address1);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaoliblog/image@5a564c0eedd96e6638cb0f9c07a35ace9bee861d/2021/04/18/46b2018518e2b7fcf1056ddb80b698a1.png"></p>
<h2 id="默认参数"><a href="#默认参数" class="headerlink" title="默认参数"></a>默认参数</h2><ul>
<li>函数默认参数：在方法的参数后面加上一个默认值即可</li>
<li>比如以下函数，我只传单个参数或者不传，控制台就会输出<code>NaN</code></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//不传参数，默认为undefined</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">sum</span>(<span class="params">a,b</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">return</span> a+b;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> result = sum(<span class="number">100</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">&quot;result=&quot;</span>+result)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaoliblog/image@bbe5bb406ea408e2b41f7701848645c51ca08847/2021/04/18/5d7f7e1844491dae27542b40dbcf51ae.png"></p>
<ul>
<li>这个时候可以使用默认参数，可以不用传值，手动传值优先级更高</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 函数默认参数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">sum</span>(<span class="params">a=<span class="number">100</span>,b=<span class="number">100</span></span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">return</span> a+b;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> result = sum(<span class="number">100</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">&quot;result=&quot;</span>+result)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaoliblog/image@0273c07b58a173cddc32c255199f46e832f2bc7a/2021/04/18/f0920de7fdbf1ac2146228a90d77e950.png"></p>
<h2 id="箭头函数"><a href="#箭头函数" class="headerlink" title="箭头函数"></a>箭头函数</h2><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 传统函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> sum = <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> (<span class="params">a, b</span>) </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">return</span> a + b;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//箭头函数 - 改进1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> sum = <span class="function">(<span class="params">a, b</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">return</span> a + b;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//箭头函数 - 改进2</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> sum = <span class="function">(<span class="params">a, b</span>) =&gt;</span> a + b; </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ul>
<li>可以发现有以下规律<ul>
<li>去掉<code>function</code></li>
<li>在括号后面加箭头</li>
<li>如果逻辑代码仅有<code>return</code>可以直接省去</li>
<li>如果参数只有一个，可以把括号也省去</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>通过箭头函数可以简化一些复杂的函数</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> arr = [<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>,<span class="number">4</span>,<span class="number">5</span>,<span class="number">6</span>];</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> newarr1 = arr.map(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">obj</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">return</span> obj+<span class="number">2</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(newarr1);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//箭头函数简化</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> newarr2 = arr.map(<span class="function">(<span class="params">obj</span>)=&gt;</span>obj+<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(newarr2);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="对象初始化简写"><a href="#对象初始化简写" class="headerlink" title="对象初始化简写"></a>对象初始化简写</h2><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> info = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   title:<span class="string">&quot;小李博客&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">   link:<span class="string">&quot;https://xiaoliblog.cn&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">   go:<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">      <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">&quot;加油！&quot;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">   &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//ES6简写</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//因为对象是key：value存在</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//1. 如果key和变量的名字一致，可以只定义一次即可</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//2. 如果value是一个函数，可以把&quot;:function&quot;去掉，只剩下()即可</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> title1 = <span class="string">&quot;小李博客&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> link1 = <span class="string">&quot;https://xiaoliblog.cn&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> info2 = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   title1,</span><br><span class="line">   link1,</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="function"><span class="title">go</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">      <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">&quot;加油！&quot;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">   &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(info2)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaoliblog/image@0182cdd6a7b2390406d8e41afe01629833abaeea/2021/04/18/da35afb4fe779e9afa75d1fd5f12ded0.png"></p>
<ul>
<li>应用场景</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> username = <span class="string">&quot;admin&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> password = <span class="string">&quot;123&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">$.ajax(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   type:<span class="string">&quot;post&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">   url:<span class="string">&quot;xxx&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">   data:&#123;</span><br><span class="line">      username : username,</span><br><span class="line">      password : password</span><br><span class="line">   &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">   success:<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//简化</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> params = &#123;username,password&#125;;</span><br><span class="line">$.ajax(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   type:<span class="string">&quot;post&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">   url:<span class="string">&quot;xxx&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">   data:params,</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="function"><span class="title">success</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">         </span><br><span class="line">   &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="对象解构"><a href="#对象解构" class="headerlink" title="对象解构"></a>对象解构</h2><ul>
<li>对象解构能快捷获取对象属性和行为方式</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//因为对象是key：value存在，获取的方式有两种</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//1. 通过.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//2. 通过[]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> title = <span class="string">&quot;小李博客&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> link = <span class="string">&quot;https://xiaoliblog.cn&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> info = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   title,</span><br><span class="line">   link,</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="function"><span class="title">go</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">       <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">&quot;加油！&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">   &#125;,</span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//通过.和[]方式</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(info.title)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(info[<span class="string">&quot;title&quot;</span>])</span><br><span class="line">info[<span class="string">&quot;go&quot;</span>]();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//ES6对象结构 --快速获取属性和方法的形式-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> &#123;title,link,go&#125; = info;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 还原代码,以上等价于</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//var title = info.title</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//var link = info.link</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(title,link)</span><br><span class="line">go()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaoliblog/image@420b274c9b032668877762992f1f23192c2039b2/2021/04/18/c7106f0294c63c248450accb22f16f2e.png"></p>
<h2 id="传播操作符"><a href="#传播操作符" class="headerlink" title="传播操作符"></a>传播操作符</h2><ul>
<li>传播操作符可以把一个对象的属性传播到另外一个对象中</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> person = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   name: <span class="string">&quot;小李博客&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">   address:<span class="string">&quot;长沙&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">   link:<span class="string">&quot;https://xiaoliblog.cn&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">   phone:<span class="number">12134</span>,</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="function"><span class="title">go</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">      <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">&quot;加油&quot;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">   &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//对象解构,person传播给person2</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//name,address已经解构出来了,剩下的也会传播给person2</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> &#123;name,address,...person2&#125; = person;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(name);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(address);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(person2);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaoliblog/image@661ac998b3cf77b0d22eebe34ddd5ab2627188c9/2021/04/18/ae93f36bfb449ed72eb7889a93e6e519.png"></p>
<h2 id="数组Map"><a href="#数组Map" class="headerlink" title="数组Map"></a>数组Map</h2><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//对arr数组中每个元素*2</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> arr = [<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>,<span class="number">4</span>,<span class="number">5</span>,<span class="number">6</span>,<span class="number">7</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//传统方式</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> newarr = [];</span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">for</span>(<span class="params"><span class="keyword">let</span> i=<span class="number">0</span>;i&lt;arr.length;i++</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   newarr.push(arr[i]*<span class="number">2</span>)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(newarr);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//map -- 自带的循环功能,并且会把处理的值回填到原来的位置</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> newarr2 = arr.map(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">ele</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">return</span> ele*<span class="number">2</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//var newarr2 = arr.map((ele)=&gt;ele*2)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(newarr2)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//map --处理对象中的数据</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//需求:每个年龄+1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> users = [</span><br><span class="line">   &#123;<span class="attr">age</span>:<span class="number">10</span>,<span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&quot;小李&quot;</span>&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">   &#123;<span class="attr">age</span>:<span class="number">12</span>,<span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&quot;小王&quot;</span>&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">   &#123;<span class="attr">age</span>:<span class="number">14</span>,<span class="attr">name</span>:<span class="string">&quot;小刘&quot;</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line">]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> newusers = users.map(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">ele</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   ele.age = ele.age+<span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">return</span> ele;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(newusers)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaoliblog/image@b9786ecfb4b25ffe4bf04850af4a4458ebb794ab/2021/04/18/c0b757692151dc41e0de9274adce5371.png"></p>
<h2 id="数组Reduce"><a href="#数组Reduce" class="headerlink" title="数组Reduce"></a>数组Reduce</h2><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">var</span> arr = [<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>,<span class="number">3</span>,<span class="number">4</span>,<span class="number">5</span>,<span class="number">6</span>,<span class="number">7</span>,<span class="number">8</span>,<span class="number">9</span>,<span class="number">10</span>]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//第一次取值,a=1,b=2,a+b=3,取代[1,2]的位置</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//第二次,a=3,b=3,a+b=6,去掉[3,3]的位置</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//依此类推</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> result = arr.reduce(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">a,b</span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">return</span> a+b</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">&quot;result = &quot;</span>,result);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</article><div class="post-copyright"><div class="post-copyright__author"><span class="post-copyright-meta">文章作者: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="mailto:undefined">小李博客</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__type"><span class="post-copyright-meta">文章链接: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="https://xiaoliblog.cn">https://xiaoliblog.cn</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__notice"><span class="post-copyright-meta">版权声明: </span><span class="post-copyright-info">本博客所有文章除特别声明外，均采用 <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-NC-SA 4.0</a> 许可协议。转载请注明来自 <a href="http://xiaoliblog.cn" target="_blank">小李博客</a>！</span></div></div><div class="tag_share"><div class="post-meta__tag-list"><a class="post-meta__tags" href="/tags/ECMAScript-6/">ECMAScript 6</a></div><div class="post_share"><div class="social-share" 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class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF%E5%AD%97%E7%AC%A6%E4%B8%B2"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">模板字符串</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%BB%98%E8%AE%A4%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">默认参数</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%AE%AD%E5%A4%B4%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">箭头函数</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%E7%AE%80%E5%86%99"><span class="toc-number">1.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">对象初始化简写</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%84"><span class="toc-number">1.6.</span> <span class="toc-text">对象解构</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BC%A0%E6%92%AD%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E7%AC%A6"><span class="toc-number">1.7.</span> <span class="toc-text">传播操作符</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%95%B0%E7%BB%84Map"><span class="toc-number">1.8.</span> <span class="toc-text">数组Map</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%95%B0%E7%BB%84Reduce"><span class="toc-number">1.9.</span> <span class="toc-text">数组Reduce</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></div></div><div class="card-widget card-recent-post"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-history"></i><span>最新文章</span></div><div class="aside-list"><div class="aside-list-item"><a class="thumbnail" href="/page/project01.html" title="前端实例🥳响应式网站首页"><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaoliblog/image@c19917500ab083c77c7613263ba7ee74d5a08ae6/2021/04/30/469f30b141d73fa0fc4c962662d5813f.png" 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    else loadTwikoo(true)
  } else {
    window.loadOtherComment = () => {
      loadTwikoo()
    }
  }
})()</script></div><script defer src="//lib.baomitu.com/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js"></script><script defer src="https://myhkw.cn/api/player/160561664166" id="myhk" key="160561664166" m="1"></script><div><canvas id="snow" style="position:fixed;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:99999;pointer-events:none"></canvas></div><script>const notMobile = (!(navigator.userAgent.match(/(phone|pad|pod|iPhone|iPod|ios|iPad|Android|Mobile|BlackBerry|IEMobile|MQQBrowser|JUC|Fennec|wOSBrowser|BrowserNG|WebOS|Symbian|Windows Phone)/i)));</script><scrip async type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/Candinya/Kratos-Rebirth@latest/source/js/snow.min.js"></scrip><scrip defer src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/hexo-theme-volantis@latest/source/js/issues.min.js"></scrip><script async data-pjax src="//busuanzi.ibruce.info/busuanzi/2.3/busuanzi.pure.mini.js"></script><script>var gitcalendar = new Vue({
  el: '#gitcalendar',
  data: {
    simplemode: true, 
    user: 'xiaoliblog',
    fixed: 'fixed',
    px: 'px',
    x: '',
    y: '',
    span1: '',
    span2: '',
    month: ['一月', '二月', '三月', '四月', '五月', '六月', '七月', '八月', '九月', '十月', '十一月', '十二月'],
    monthchange: [],
    oneyearbeforeday: '',
    thisday: '',
    amonthago: '',
    aweekago: '',
    weekdatacore: 0,
    datacore: 0,
    total: 0,
    datadate: '',
    data: [],
    positionplusdata: [],
    firstweek: [],
    lastweek: [],
    beforeweek: [],
    thisweekdatacore: 0,
    mounthbeforeday: 0,
    mounthfirstindex: 0,
    crispedges: 'crispedges',
    thisdayindex: 0,
    amonthagoindex: 0,
    amonthagoweek: [],
    firstdate: [],
    first2date: [],
    montharrbefore: [],
    monthindex: 0,
    color: ['#ebedf0', '#f1f8ff', '#dbedff', '#c8e1ff', '#79b8ff', '#2188ff', '#0366d6', '#005cc5', '#044289', '#032f62', '#05264c']
  },
  methods: {
    selectStyle(data, event) {
      document.querySelector('.angle-wrapper').style.display = 'block'
      this.span1 = data.date;
      this.span2 = data.count;
      this.x = event.clientX - 100;
      this.y = event.clientY - 60
    },
    outStyle() {
      document.querySelector('.angle-wrapper').style.display = 'none'
    },
    thiscolor(x) {
      if (x === 0) {
        let i = parseInt(x / 2);
        return this.color[0]
      } else if (x < 2) {
        return this.color[1]
      } else if (x < 20) {
        let i = parseInt(x / 2);
        return this.color[i]
      } else {
        return this.color[9]
      }
    },
  }
});
var apiurl = 'python-github-calendar-api-ruby.vercel.app' ? 'https://python-github-calendar-api-ruby.vercel.app/api?' : 'https://githubapi.ryanchristian.dev/user/'
var githubapiurl = apiurl + gitcalendar.user;
//canvas绘图
function responsiveChart() {
  let c = document.getElementById("gitcanvas");
  if (c) {
    let cmessage = document.getElementById("gitmessage");
    let ctx = c.getContext("2d");
    c.width = document.getElementById("gitcalendarcanvasbox").offsetWidth;
    let linemaxwitdh = 0.96 * c.width / gitcalendar.data.length;
    c.height = 9 * linemaxwitdh;
    let lineminwitdh = 0.8 * linemaxwitdh;
    let setposition = {
      x: 0.02 * c.width,
      y: 0.025 * c.width
    };
    for (let week in gitcalendar.data) {
      weekdata = gitcalendar.data[week];
      for (let day in weekdata) {
        let dataitem = {
          date: "",
          count: "",
          x: 0,
          y: 0
        };
        gitcalendar.positionplusdata.push(dataitem);
        ctx.fillStyle = gitcalendar.thiscolor(weekdata[day].count);
        setposition.y = Math.round(setposition.y * 100) / 100;
        dataitem.date = weekdata[day].date;
        dataitem.count = weekdata[day].count;
        dataitem.x = setposition.x;
        dataitem.y = setposition.y;
        ctx.fillRect(setposition.x, setposition.y, lineminwitdh, lineminwitdh);
        setposition.y = setposition.y + linemaxwitdh
      };
      setposition.y = 0.025 * c.width;
      setposition.x = setposition.x + linemaxwitdh
    };
    ctx.font = "600  Arial";
    ctx.fillStyle = '#aaa';
    ctx.fillText("日", 0, 1.9 * linemaxwitdh);
    ctx.fillText("二", 0, 3.9 * linemaxwitdh);
    ctx.fillText("四", 0, 5.9 * linemaxwitdh);
    ctx.fillText("六", 0, 7.9 * linemaxwitdh);
    let monthindexlist = c.width / 24;
    for (let index in gitcalendar.monthchange) {
      ctx.fillText(gitcalendar.monthchange[index], monthindexlist, 0.7 * linemaxwitdh);
      monthindexlist = monthindexlist + c.width / 12
    };
    cmessage.onmousemove = function(event) {
      document.querySelector('.angle-wrapper').style.display = 'none'
    };
    c.onmousemove = function(event) {
      document.querySelector('.angle-wrapper').style.display = 'none'
      getMousePos(c, event);
    };

    function getMousePos(canvas, event) {
      var rect = canvas.getBoundingClientRect();
      var x = event.clientX - rect.left * (canvas.width / rect.width);
      var y = event.clientY - rect.top * (canvas.height / rect.height);
      //console.log("x:"+x+",y:"+y);
      for (let item of gitcalendar.positionplusdata) {
        let lenthx = x - item.x;
        let lenthy = y - item.y;
        //console.log(lenthx,lenthy);
        if (0 < lenthx && lenthx < lineminwitdh) {
          if (0 < lenthy && lenthy < lineminwitdh) {
            //console.log(item.date,item.count)
            document.querySelector('.angle-wrapper').style.display = 'block'
            gitcalendar.span1 = item.date;
            gitcalendar.span2 = item.count;
            gitcalendar.x = event.clientX - 100;
            gitcalendar.y = event.clientY - 60
          }
        }
        //if(0< x - item.x <lineminwitdh&&0< y - item.y <lineminwitdh){
        //console.log(item.count,item.date);
        //}
      }
    }
  }
}
//数据统计算法
function addlastmonth() {
  if (gitcalendar.thisdayindex === 0) {
    thisweekcore(52);
    thisweekcore(51);
    thisweekcore(50);
    thisweekcore(49);
    thisweekcore(48);
    gitcalendar.thisweekdatacore += gitcalendar.firstdate[6].count;
    gitcalendar.amonthago = gitcalendar.firstdate[6].date
  } else {
    thisweekcore(52);
    thisweekcore(51);
    thisweekcore(50);
    thisweekcore(49);
    thisweek2core();
    gitcalendar.amonthago = gitcalendar.first2date[gitcalendar.thisdayindex - 1].date
  }
};

function thisweek2core() {
  for (let i = gitcalendar.thisdayindex - 1; i < gitcalendar.first2date.length; i++) {
    gitcalendar.thisweekdatacore += gitcalendar.first2date[i].count
  }
};

function thisweekcore(index) {
  for (let item of gitcalendar.data[index]) {
    gitcalendar.thisweekdatacore += item.count
  }
};

function addlastweek() {
  for (let item of gitcalendar.lastweek) {
    gitcalendar.weekdatacore += item.count
  }
};

function addbeforeweek() {
  for (let i = gitcalendar.thisdayindex; i < gitcalendar.beforeweek.length; i++) {
    gitcalendar.weekdatacore += gitcalendar.beforeweek[i].count
  }
};

function addweek(data) {
  if (gitcalendar.thisdayindex === 6) {
    gitcalendar.aweekago = gitcalendar.lastweek[0].date;
    addlastweek()
  } else {
    lastweek = data.contributions[51];
    gitcalendar.aweekago = lastweek[gitcalendar.thisdayindex + 1].date;
    addlastweek();
    addbeforeweek()
  }
}

fetch(githubapiurl)
  .then(data => data.json())
  .then(data => {
    gitcalendar.data = data.contributions;
    gitcalendar.total = data.total;
    gitcalendar.first2date = gitcalendar.data[48];
    gitcalendar.firstdate = gitcalendar.data[47];
    gitcalendar.firstweek = data.contributions[0];
    gitcalendar.lastweek = data.contributions[52];
    gitcalendar.beforeweek = data.contributions[51];
    gitcalendar.thisdayindex = gitcalendar.lastweek.length - 1;
    gitcalendar.thisday = gitcalendar.lastweek[gitcalendar.thisdayindex].date;
    gitcalendar.oneyearbeforeday = gitcalendar.firstweek[0].date;
    gitcalendar.monthindex = gitcalendar.thisday.substring(5, 7) * 1;
    gitcalendar.montharrbefore = gitcalendar.month.splice(gitcalendar.monthindex, 12 - gitcalendar.monthindex);
    gitcalendar.monthchange = gitcalendar.montharrbefore.concat(gitcalendar.month);
    addweek(data);
    addlastmonth();
    responsiveChart();
  })
  .catch(function(error) {
    console.log(error);
  });

//手机版更换为svg绘制
if (document.getElementById("gitcalendarcanvasbox").offsetWidth < 500) {
  gitcalendar.simplemode = false
}

//当改变窗口大小时重新绘制canvas
window.onresize = function() {
  if (gitcalendar.simplemode) responsiveChart()
}

//解决滚动滑轮时出现的标签显示
window.onscroll = function() {
  if (document.querySelector('.angle-wrapper')) {
    document.querySelector('.angle-wrapper').style.display = 'none'
  }
};</script></div><script src="/live2dw/lib/L2Dwidget.min.js?094cbace49a39548bed64abff5988b05"></script><script>L2Dwidget.init({"pluginRootPath":"live2dw/","pluginJsPath":"lib/","pluginModelPath":"assets/","tagMode":false,"log":false,"model":{"jsonPath":"/live2dw/assets/hijiki.model.json"},"display":{"position":"right","width":150,"height":300},"mobile":{"show":true},"react":{"opacity":0.7}});</script></body></html>